Electrocardiogram (EKG)

Basic Facts:

  • Electrocardiogram is a painless, noninvasive way to help diagnose many common heart problems in people of all ages. 
  • It can be abbreviated as “ECG” or “EKG,” both are correct. An “ECG” does not refer to an echocardiogram, a common misconception.  
  • In a standard ECG, 12 stickers (called “leads”) are placed on the patient, attached to wires on the ECG machine. Each lead detects the small electrical impulses made by the heart from a different direction, providing a 6 second snapshot of the heart’s electrical activity. 

There are no special preparations needed for an ECG. The skin will be cleaned of lotions or oils, and some shaving may be needed to maintain adequate skin contact.  

  1. The patient will lie flat on an exam table with their chest exposed (gown provided if needed). 

  2. 12 stickers are applied, connected to wires on the ECG machine. 

  3. It is important to lie still, and sometimes a patient is asked to briefly hold their breath for an accurate test.  

  4. The entire procedure only takes a minute or so. It is interpreted instantly by the computer, and then again by the provider.  

 

There are no post-test restrictions for an ECG, which is often performed as part of a regular office visit and many cardiac procedures. If a patient’s ECG is normal, no further testing may be needed.  If the results show an abnormality with the heart, the patient may need another ECG or other diagnostic tests, such as ambulatory monitoring or an echocardiogram. Treatment depends on the abnormality and if any signs and symptoms are present from it.